MercoPress. South Atlantic News Agency

Latam’s 2010 foreign direct investment reached 159bn dollars, mostly from Asia

China and India concentrated in South America’s oil and gas extractive industry

Foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to Latin America and the Caribbean increased by 13% in 2010 to reach 159 billion dollars indicated UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) annual investment survey that was released Wednesday.

The strongest increase was registered in South America, where FDI rose by 56% to 86 billion dollars, with Brazil alone accounting for 56% of this amount. Inflows to Central America climbed 20% to 25 billion, of which Mexico attracted 19 billion. Flows to the Caribbean decreased by 26%, to 48 billion, of which offshore financial centres represented 95%, the World Investment Report 2011, (WIR11) reveals.

FDI outflows from Latin America and the Caribbean increased by 67% to 76 billion dollars in 2010, the biggest surge among the world´s economic regions, the report says. The rebound was due to strong increases registered by Brazil and Mexico, the region two principal outward investors.

Growth of both inflows and outflows stemmed from respective surges in cross-border merger and acquisition (M&A) sales and purchases. Latin America and the Caribbean witnessed a sudden increase in cross-border M&A sales from negative values (because of divestment) in 2009 to 29 billion in 2010, the highest level in the region since 2000.

This shows a renewed interest by foreign firms in the acquisition of Latin American enterprises after a decade of sluggish cross-border M&A activity in the region. However, most of these acquisitions were undertaken by developing Asian trans-national corporations (TNCs), mainly from China and India, in the oil and gas extractive industry in South America.

On the purchase side, the region TNCs, bolstered by strong economic growth at home, have increased their investments abroad, in particular in developed countries where investment opportunities have arisen in the aftermath of the global financial crisis.

Brazilian companies such as Vale, Gerdau, Camargo Correa, Votorantim, Petrobras and Braskem have undertaken acquisitions in the iron ore, steel, food, cement, chemical, and petroleum refining industries in developed countries.

Mexican firms such as Grupo Televisa, Sigma Alimentos, Metalsa and Inmobiliaria Carso have purchased firms in the United States in industries such as media, food, motor vehicles, and services. There also have been some important intraregional acquisitions, the most significant being the 1.9 billion dollars purchase by Grupo Aval (Colombia) of BAC Credomatic, a foreign affiliate in Panama of General Electric Co.´s finance unit.

According to UNCTAD preliminary data for 2011 shows that FDI inflows have continued to rise in 2011, while outflows are declining.