MercoPress. South Atlantic News Agency

World consumes more alcohol largely because of heavier drinking in China and India

By 2030 half of all adults worldwide will drink alcohol, and almost a quarter will binge drink at least once a month, according to projections covering 189 countries.

The world consumed 10% more alcohol per adult in 2017 than in 1990, due in large part to heavier and more widespread drinking in China and India, researchers said on Wednesday. On current trends, global consumption per capita will rise another 17% over the next decade, they reported in The Lancet.

By 2030 half of all adults worldwide will drink alcohol, and almost a quarter will binge drink at least once a month, according to projections covering 189 countries.

“The world is not on track to achieve global targets to reduce harmful alcohol use,” the authors said, calling for more aggressive counter-measures such as higher taxes and a ban on advertising.

The World Health Organization (WHO) goal is to reduce “harmful alcohol use” 10% by 2025. Alcohol is linked to over 200 diseases and accounts for more than three million deaths - 75 per cent of them men - each year, the WHO has said.

Globally, some 237 million men and 46 million women suffer from alcohol-related disorders, with the highest rates in Europe (15% and 3.5%, respectively, for men and women) and North America (11.5% and 5%).

“Before 1990, most alcohol was consumed in high-income countries, with the highest use levels recorded in Europe,” said lead author Jakob Manthey, a researcher at the Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy in Dresden, Germany.

“However, this pattern has changed substantially, with large reductions across Eastern Europe and vast increases in several middle-income countries such as China, India, and Vietnam.”

In 2017 a higher percentage of adults 15 and older in Europe and North America still consumed alcohol - and more of it - than in other parts of the world. In France, for example, men drank the equivalent of 19 liters of pure alcohol, and women just under six, for a combined average of just over 12 liters. Only 14% of men never drank, and 29% of women.

The 2017 figures for the United States were somewhat lower - 15 and 4.5 liters for men and women, respectively, averaging just under 10 - with slightly higher percentages of teetotalers.

In China, men drank more than 11 liters of alcohol, mostly in the form of spirits and beer, while women imbibed three, for an average of just over 7 liters. That was less than in the United States, but a nearly 70% jump from China's consumption in 1990.

By 2030, the two countries will have traded places: Chinese adults are projected to drink more than 10 liters on average, while American consumption of alcohol will drop slightly to 9.5 liters.

The percentage of the population who drink will have also shifted in a decade, with 77% in China consuming alcohol at least once in a while, and 73% in United States.

In India, meanwhile, a far smaller percentage of the population - 40% and 22% of men and women, respectively - drank at all in 2017, on average less than 6 liters of pure alcohol. But that was double the figure for 1990, and the researchers forsee an additional 50 per cent increase by 2030.

Globally, alcohol intake went up from 5.9 liters of pure alcohol per adult in 1990 to 6.5 liters in 1997, and is projected to jump to 7.6 liters in 2030. Worldwide, 45% of recorded booze consumption is in the form of spirits such as grain alcohol. Another 15% is beer, and 12% is wine.