
Prince Albert II of Monaco arrived in Paraguay on Monday for his first-ever official visit to the South American nation, marking a historic moment aimed at boosting diplomatic and commercial ties. He was welcomed at the Silvio Pettirossi International Airport at 6.10 pm local time with full honors by Foreign Minister Rubén Ramírez Lezcano.
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Experts have expressed their concern after a study revealed that the Hektoria Glacier in eastern Antarctica retreated by 50% in just two months —between November and December 2022— losing 8.2 kilometers of ice. This rate of ice loss is nearly ten times faster than previously measured for land-based glaciers, setting a new record.
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The 2025/2026 Antarctic season is a landmark for the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) and its Antarctic Infrastructure Modernization Project (AIMP), as the new Discovery Building begins to take on its operational role. Specialist teams will be on site from this month to check the building’s critical systems are working as expected and to carefully manage the removal of six older structures, the functions of which are now integrated within the Discovery Building.
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Hurricane Melissa hit Cuba's eastern provinces overnight, leaving a wake of widespread destruction, cutting off communities, flooding homes, and causing severe damage to critical infrastructure. The powerful storm eventually weakened but continued to generate unstable conditions across the eastern part of the island, where communities grappled with the aftermath as it drifted northeast.
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Brazil's state-owned oil company, Petrobras, has received a license from the Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Ibama) to begin exploratory oil drilling on the Equatorial Margin of the Amazon, an area with high hydrocarbon potential, it was announced on Monday.

On Wednesday, 15 October, swabs from 3 dead Gentoo penguins from Yorke Bay returned positive results for highly pathogenic avian influenza. On Sunday, 12 October, more than one hundred carcasses were observed at the site, with several more symptomatic individuals also counted. Estimated further mortality for the week of 13 October exceeded the threshold for review of current management.

October 16 marked the arrival of the first aircraft at Rothera Research Station and the departure of the Falklands-flagged RRS Sir David Attenborough from the UK. The new season brings a full schedule of ambitious science, deep-field exploration, and major infrastructure milestones across the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic.

Brazil's Finance Minister Fernando Haddad reinforced his stance regarding global taxation of the super-rich to finance the fight against the climate crisis and to fight social inequality. He outlined his position in a letter at the 2025 annual meeting of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank in Washington, DC.

Brazil launched on Tuesday an initiative called the Belém Commitment for Sustainable Fuels -or Belém 4x- to quadruple production and use of sustainable fuels by 2035. The motion has been supported by India, Italy, and Japan, it was announced on the second and final day of Pre-COP negotiations in Brasilia.

The fleet of British Antarctic Survey, BAS, aircraft have taken off on their annual ‘ferry flights’ from Canada, in preparation for a new season of science in Antarctica. The BAS fleet of aircraft is now flying the thousands of miles to the UK’s Rothera Research Station on the Antarctic Peninsula – a vast journey that is broken down across 11 stops over the North and South American continents, including Falkland Islands.