
Australia's and most Asian stock markets experienced significant declines early Monday amid the global tariff war triggered by U.S. President Donald Trump. The Hang Seng Index in Hong Kong dropped 9.1% to 20,778.10, with a peak intraday fall of 10.2%, marking its worst day in over a year. Across the Asia-Pacific, 11 of 14 equity markets hit 52-week lows. In mainland China, the CSI 300 Index fell by 7.6%, while the Shanghai and Shenzhen Composite Indexes dropped by 7.4% and 9.8%, respectively. Japan’s Topix and Nikkei indexes also slumped, by 9.6% and 6.5%, respectively.

The quotation between the Brazilian real and the US dollar rose Friday to US$ 1 / R$ 5.83 after China announced retaliatory 34% surcharges against US President Donald Trump's tariffs, which fueled fears of a global recession, triggering turbulence in financial markets.

US President Donald Trump announced a temporary exemption from new 25% tariffs for goods from Mexico covered under the 2020 United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). The Republican leader adopted the measure following a telephone conversation with Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum. The exemption, effective until at least April 2, reverses tariffs imposed earlier this week, aimed at addressing fentanyl trafficking and trade imbalances.

The United States implemented tariffs on imports from Mexico, Canada, and China, triggering responses from these nations and causing a market meltdown. The tariffs include a 25% levy on imports from Mexico and Canada and an increase from 10% to 20% on goods from China. The move seeking to address fentanyl trafficking and border security has failed to meet expectations.

The Brazilian government is drafting a presidential decree to change tax revenue mechanisms, which the economic team argues it will lead to a 1.5 percentage point reduction in the rates levied on all imported products. This is part of president Bolsonaro's administration policy of (gradually) opening the Brazilian economy to foreign competition.

The Governments of Argentina and Brazil Friday agreed to cut down the common external tariffs (CET) by 10% “in a very wide universe of products” after months of tensions among members of Mercosur on the issue.

Former Brazilian presidents Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Lula da Silva signed a statement in which they support Argentina's position in the Mercosur controversy regarding a flat unilateral tariff reduction as sponsored by president Jair Bolsonaro, with the backing of Uruguay, but rejected by President Alberto Fernandez.

Uruguayan President Luis Lacalle Pou said Thursday during the virtual Export Day celebrations that “we like to play on a large court, and not on a small, protected one.”

Argentina's Ambassador to Mercosur Mariano Kestelboim Sunday said he favoured “a new common external tariff that promotes productive development.”

Brazil has reduced import taxes and tariffs to zero for products used to combat Covid-19, including syringes and needles classified under codes 9018.31.11, 9018.31.19, 9018.31.90, 9018.32.19, and 9018.39.10 of the Mercosur Common Nomenclature. The products are included in the list of temporary tariff reductions covered by Gecex (Executive Management Committee of the Chamber of Foreign Trade), Resolution 17, from 17 March 2020.